Conditions for the importation of economic crops into. Microcyclus ulei dothidella ulet peronosclerospora philippinensis aka peronosclerospora sacchari phoma glycinicola formerly pyrenochaeta glycines puccinia graminis puccinia graminis f. Leaf samples were collected from a 5,000 ha area of. Click, drag, and drop to reorder files or press delete to remove any content you dont want. Moreover, it is found that genes is associated with the rubber biosynthesis relevant to latex production are significantly expanded in rubber tree. The fungus microcyclus ulei is the causative agent of leaf blight in rubber trees. Dothidella ulei monkeypox virus murray valley encephalitis virus mycoplasma capricolum mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae strain f38 mycoplasma mycoides mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides sc small colony a. An microcyclus ulei in nahilalakip ha genus nga microcyclus, ngan familia nga mycosphaerellaceae. Biological international shipments or hand carry questions to. A newly identified locus controls complete resistance to. The solutions are genetic in order to grow varieties resistant to the disease, or.
List of fungi presenting at the wild state a biological risk. Assembly and analysis of differential transcriptome responses. Pdf draft genome sequence of the rubber tree hevea brasiliensis. The chromosomebased rubber tree genome provides new insights. Microcyclus ulei which affects rubber trees and is endemic to central and south america these measures include that cocoa cannot be produced, post harvested, packed or stored without a minimum 50 kilometers distance from rubber trees, and that cargo must be kept at temperatures above 25c for at least 30 days. These items require export licenses to all countries.
Pdf foliar endophytic fungi from hevea brasiliensis and their. Protection against south american leaf blight of rubber in asia and. Microcyclus ulei magnaporthe oryzae peronosclerospora philippinensis peronosclerospora sacchari phoma glycinicola formerly pyrenochaeta glycines puccinnia graminis ssp. They are sent to a computer by website operators or third parties. World distribution of microcyclus ulei miccul eppo global database.
Aug 19, 2015 assembly and analysis of differential transcriptome responses of hevea brasiliensis on interaction with microcyclus ulei article pdf available in plos one 108. List of restricted microorganisms part a october 25, 2001 scientific name fungi aethalia all species in genus albugo all species in genus alternaria all species in genus except. Origin of the microcyclus ulei isolates used in the phylogenetic study. Conditions for the importation of nursery stock into. The toxicity of arsenic to insects, bacteria, and fungi has led to the heavy use of arsenic trioxide on rubber plantations, especially in malaysia. Rubber growing hevea brasiliensis is showing real development in latin america, where the production of natural rubber is still held back by the incidence of the south american leaf disease caused by a fungus, microcyclus ulei, recently renamed pseudocercospora ulei, which causes repeated defoliation of trees. Salb microcyclus ulei on certified rubber tree plantations fscder30v10 en mancozeb guatemala 04112010 04 november 2010 04 november 2015 1 triadimenol for control of south american leaf blight salb microcyclus. Microcyclus ulei and leaf fall caused by colletotrichum. Draft genome sequence of the rubber tree hevea brasiliensis. He examined infected leaves from native rubber trees collected by ernst heinrich ule at the jurua river, brazil in 1901 and near iquitos, peru in 1902 wellman, 1972. You can merge pdfs or a mix of pdf documents and other files. The blight, called south american leaf blight, is caused by the ascomycetes, microcyclus ulei or pseudocercospora ulei.
How to merge pdfs and combine pdf files adobe acrobat dc. Guidelines for the protection against south american leaf blight of rubber book 3. Below is a list of agents restricted for export by the u. Not only is guayule more amenable to traditional agronomic practices than the rubber tree, but it also produces a resin that resists termites when impregnated into wood holt et al. Files with all the read data in the abundance matrix were used taking. Merge pdf files combine pdfs in the order you want with the easiest pdf merger available. Assembly and analysis of differential transcriptome. Bypassing of a polygenic microcyclus ulei resistance in rubber tree, analyzed by qtl detection. Notification of ministry of agriculture a nd cooperatives re. Assembly and analysis of differential transcriptome responses of hevea brasiliensis on.
Several races of this pathogen have been described in brazil based on a series of diverse differential clones. Pdf physiological characteristics of microcyclus ulei p. Dothidella ulei peronosclerospora philippinensis a. Click add files and select the files you want to include in your pdf. Molecular mapping of genes conferring field resistance to. Transcriptome comparison of resistant and susceptible hevea. Opportunities for latin american cocoa beans in japanese market. A number of candidate domestication genes are also identified, some of which are associated with rubber biosynthesis in.
To train the officers from asia and pacific region on biology and management of salb. The main reason for low production and failure of plantation growth is south american leaf blight salb, a rubber tree disease caused by the endemic fungus microcyclus ulei, an ascosmycete that together with its host plant originates from the amazon area. Foliar endophytic fungi from hevea brasiliensis and their. Xylella fastidioso xylello jastidiosa xylello jostidioso. Report of the workshop on training of trainers on protection. To update the information of latest research that has been done on salb of rubber. The files will begin to upload to pdf joiner this could take a few minutes, depending on how many and how large your files are. There are two sets of regulations for export restricted biological items, the international traffic in arms regulations itar from dept.
Progeny of a cross between ro 38 and a susceptible cultivar was inoculated under controlled conditions with three isolates and scored for two resistance traits. South american leaf blight salb, the most dangerous disease of the rubber tree, is responsible for the lack of significant natural rubber production in south america and is a major threat to rubber tree plantations in asia and africa. Microcyclus ulei micculworld distribution eppo global. Conditions for the importation of plant porduce into. Approved derogations for use ofhighly hazardous pesticides 2 of 12 this addendum lists the temporary derogations for the use of pesticides that are considered by fsc to be highly hazardous. To assess their respective epidemiological role, a field experiment was conducted in french guiana over 3 years. South american leaf blight salb is a disease of the rubber tree caused by the fungus microcyclus ulei. Assembly and analysis of differential transcriptome responses of. Since the beginning of rubber exploitation in the region, all attempts to plant rubber trees at a plantation scale in south an central. Background and aims south american leaf blight salb is caused by an ascomycota, microcyclus ulei p. Alphabetical listing of export restricted biological items. Conditions for the importation of economic crops into singapore orchidaceae anguilla, antigua, aruba, barbados.
Budding of very productive rubber tree stems with crowns of clones of hevea species that are resistant to m. Although the selection of resistant clones is the preferred disease control method, greater knowledge is required of the relationship between host and pathogen. It is a compilation of four separate documents intended as a practical reference tool for national. Categorization of microcyclus ulei miccul this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. This study reports a chromosomebased genome for rubber tree and provides novel insight into the spurge chromosome evolution. Arx penyebab penyakit hawar daun amerika selatan south american leaf blight, salb. Using cultivars which are genetically resistant to south american leaf blight salb caused by the fungus microcyclus ulei is the only way to plant rubber trees in diseaseaffected areas. Biological materials that require an export license. Hevea brasiliensis, family euphorbiaceae hevea brasiliensis is a perennial, evergreen tree that periodically sheds its leaves. Guayule bagasse plant residue after rubber and latex extraction has the added potential of serving as a. Specification of plant pests as prohibited articles.
The south american leaf blight salb, caused by the fungus microcyclus ulei, is the major rubber tree disease in all central and south america. Conditions for the importation of economic crops into singapore orchidaceae anguilla, antigua, aruba, barbados, belize, bolivia, bonaire, brazil, cayman island, colombia, costa rica, cuba, curacao. Microcyclus ulei south american leaf blight of rubber cabi. Will this item be for a prohibited end use like creation of weapons of mass destruction or use by a foreign. Industrial crops and products 66 2015 110118 111 rising labor costs and land competition with palm plantations mooibroek and cornish, 2000. Phytosanitary certificate with additional certification on freedom of the regulated pests in both growing media and mushroom spawn.
The fungus microcyclus ulei is the causative agent of leaf blight in rubber trees, which is one of the most important diseases affecting this crop, since it causes intense defoliation. Numerous field observations led to the hypothesis that the resistance of the cultivar fx2784 to salb is likely to be monogenic. South american leaf blight of the rubber tree hevea spp. It is the source of 99% of the worlds natural rubber production and is therefore an important economic plant. Pdf the ascomycete microcychis ulei causes premature leaf shedding of the rubber tree, hevea brasiliensis. Doc biological agents controlled under the import and export ordinance 1c351 human pathogens, zoonoses and toxins, as follows. In this report, we assess by suppression subtractive hybridization ssh the biological process of the south american leaf blight salb that is an important disease of rubber tree caused by microcyclus ulei p. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page south american leaf blight was first mentioned by hennings 1904, who briefly described the pathogen. Endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves of three cultivars fx3864, cdc312, mdf180 of hevea brasiliensis the rubber tree with distinct resistance levels to the attack by microcyclus ulei. Peronosclerospora sacchari phoma glycinicola formerly pyrenochaeta glycines puccinnia graminis ssp. Currently, rubber tree 27 plantations are located in scape regions that exhibit suboptimal conditions such as high winds 28 and cold temperatures. Phytosanitary certificate with additional certification on freedom of the regulated pests. The resistance ratings of 188 hevea clones classified according to lesion size on leaf disks and to leaf area infected in the field were correlated.
Cookies are small text files that contain a string of characters and uniquely identifies a browser. Treatment to growing medium prior to inoculation choice of one of the following measure. Rubber tree breeding programs aim to identify clones that are adapted to 29 these stress conditions. Pdf documents are often used because they help preserve the original content of the document, but this can make splitting the file up a little more difficult than other document formats. To change the order of your pdfs, drag and drop the files as you want. Save map as png save map as svg save list as excel file save list as csv file.
The invasive potential of the disease has been illustrated by the devastating impact that it has had on attempts to develop rubber production in. These derogations have been individually approved by the fsc pesticides committee on behalf of the fsc board of directors. To endorse the following into the phytosanitary certificate. Variability of microcyclus ulei isolates from southeast bahia article pdf available in fitopatologia brasileira 285. Assessing susceptibility of hevea clones to microcyclus ulei. Most browsers are initially set up to accept cookies, since this is required by most website owners in order to access their sites. Microcyclus ulei disease were investigated by inoculating isolates which succeeded in partially or completely infecting genotypes of a mapping population. Pdf bypassing of a polygenic microcyclus ulei resistance. Work plan for the importation of budded stumps or budwood of hevea spp book 4. Biological agents controlled under the import and export. Abstracf isoenzyme patterns of microcyclus ulei isolates differing in virulence a,ndioenzyme patterns of microcyclus fiei io terns differenciated 6, 5 and 4 isolates, respectively. Pdf assembly and analysis of differential transcriptome.
A population of 192 progeny individuals derived from a cross between a resistant clone and a susceptible cultivated clone was planted in a field trial in french guiana in order to evaluate the resistance parameters under real infestation. Modeling megane2 pdf and simulation in scilabscicos. Continuing to use this website means you agree to our use of cookies. We do not use these to store personal information about you.
Bioagents controlled under the export administration. This list is provided as a reference and may not reflect the most current information. The fungus microcyclus ulei infects this tree, causing south american. Role of ascospores and conidia in the initiation and. Protection against south american leaf blight of rubber in. On the lates differing m irulence were aalysed on polyacrilamide other. Microcyclus ulei, the fungus causing south american leaf blight salb on rubber tree leaves, produces two main types of spores.
Transcriptome comparison of resistant and susceptible. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis by examining the distribution of. To endorse the following predeparture treatment into the phytosanitary certificate. Rearrange individual pages or entire files in the desired order. Microcyclus ulei south american leaf blight of rubber. The electronic version of this article in portable document format pdf. Because few information are available to understand the biological. Contingency plan for south american leaf blight microcyclus ulei. Tree phenology, disease severity and climate variables were recorded while airborne spores were trapped and quantified. That the parental stock is indexed against the presence of the major quarantine viruses 4. Specification of plants and carriers from certain s ources as prohibited articles, of exceptions and conditions u nder the plant quarantine act b.
Biological agents and biologically derived substances specifically developed, configured, adapted, or modified for the purpose of increasing their capability to produce casualties in humans or livestock, degrade equipment or damage crops are controlled under the itar. Click join files in the bottom righthand corner of the screen. Ppt has an advantage over pdf in allowing the reader to modify the work. Quantitative trait loci qtls for resistance were mapped. Characteristics of the microcyclus uleistroma preparations inoculated on rubber tree leaves and inoculation results.
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