The design process will be greatly accelerated through the use of both control theory and distributed memory. Aerodynamic optimization of building shapes seminar. Aerodynamic design considerations and shape optimization of flying wings in transonic flight. Hence the field of optimumshape design in aerodynamics is unsurprisingly. A new hybrid aerodynamic optimization framework based on differential evolution and invasive weed optimization chinese journal of aeronautics, vol. Aerodynamic shape optimization using particle swarms and metamodels praveen. Design of a morphing airfoil using aerodynamic shape optimization. Geometry and optimization is a practical guide for researchers and practitioners in the aerospace industry, and a reference for graduate and undergraduate students in aircraft design. Aerodynamic design optimization based on multiattribute. Damodaran nanyang technological university, nanyang 639798, republic of singapore aerodynamic shape design optimization problems, such as inverse and constrained airfoil design and axisym. Comparison of optimization algorithms for aerodynamic. Constraint management techniques found in literature which have been. Preliminary aerodynamic shape optimization of a blended. Multilevel strategies for parametric shape optimization in.
An aerodynamic shape optimization framework of two modules is developed for improving the aerodynamic performance of wind turbine rotor blades. Global optimization methods for the aerodynamic shape. Additionally, researchers in the aerodynamic design optimisation community have. Introduction in di erent design steps of a hawt there are di erent optimization objectives, such as the higher aerodynamic e ciency, lighter structures, lower fatigue loads, noise and cost 1. Shape optimization for aerodynamic efficiency using. The constraints could be purely geometrical or they can be of the overall aerodynamic nature minimize overall drag for the given values of flight speed, angle of attack and overall lift force, etc. Numerical shape optimization of airfoils with practical. Cfdbased aerodynamic shape optimization enables the design of fully customized airfoil shapes along the span.
In the context of optimal shape design, adjointbased formulations have a rich history in aeronautics, and their e. Development of a design tool for aerodynamic shape. In designing the wing of an airplane, several fluid dynamic concepts come into play. Aerodynamic shape optimization of a blendedwingbody. The motivation for using aso for supersonic transport design is. Pdf aerodynamic shape design and optimization status.
Geometry and optimization addresses this problem by navigating the subtle tradeoffs between the competing objectives of geometry parameterization. Aerodynamic shape optimization of wind turbine blades using a. Winglets, aerodynamic shape design, multiobjective optimization abstract. Aerodynamic shape optimization of wind turbine rotor blades. Aerodynamics, high speed train, pantograph system, optimized panhead shape, wind tunnel experiment. Comparison of optimization algorithms for aerodynamic shape. Aerodynamic shape design and optimization status and trends.
The geometric change between initial and optimized shape are very small 4, but the difference in the performance can be substantial. Among the factors involved in aerodynamic shape optimization are the type of flow regime. The book is generally well written and easy to read, with a pleasing use of aircraft photographs to illustrate the text. In the work herein, the entropy generation rate is presented as an extra design objective along with liftdrag ratio, while the lift coefficient is the constraint. Various configurations for airplane wing tip winglets have been investigated by performing 3d aerodynamic analysis. Aerodynamic shape design and validation of an advanced high. Aerodynamic shape design of transonic airfoils using hybrid. Aerodynamic optimization design of airfoil shape using. These objectives can only be met by performing an aerodynamic shape constrained optimization instead of an inverse shape design.
Robust aerodynamic shape optimizationfrom a circle to an. The following provides a brief overview of the aerodynamic optimization process. The main advantage of using nurbs is that it provides a global parameterization with a smooth surface and a control of the curvature while still maintaining. Shape optimization for aerodynamic efficiency using adjoint methods if the sensitivity for the lift force in the y direction is considered as a second objective in addition to the drag and the design change required to reduce the drag and increase the lift. In the present work, the aerodynamic shape design of an advanced highlift system for a natural laminar flow nlf wing, based on the combination of a morphing droop nose and a single slot trailing edge flap, is presented. Application of simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation method for aerodynamic shape design optimization x. They applied the method to twodimensional profile design subject to the potential flow equation. Aerodynamic optimization of building shapes seminar report. The use of highfidelity partial differential equation pde simulations within the design process is becoming the standard. Cadbased aerodynamic shape design optimization with the dlr tau code coordinates x,y,z and weights of the nurbs control points, so for each control point there are four design variables. A critical design consideration in any aircraft is its threedimensional wing shape. Pdf massively multipoint aerodynamic shape design via. An entropy analysis and design optimization methodology is combined with airfoil shape optimization to demonstrate the impact of entropy generation on aerodynamics designs.
Concurrent aerodynamic shape cost design of magnetic. Hence there is a need to improve the efficiency of stochastic optimization methods. This paper describes the formulation of optimization techniques based on control theory for aerodynamic shape design in viscous compressible. Two categories of optimization are discussed in the paper. Integrated design optimization of aerodynamic and stealthy. The use of numerical optimization for transonic aerodynamic shape design was pioneered by hicks, murman and vanderplaats.
Pdf design of a morphing airfoil using aerodynamic shape. As mentioned earlier, the previous thickness definition has the lack of smoothness at the maximum thickness as shown in fig. Multipoint and multiobjective aerodynamic shape optimization. In applying the strategy, the optimization algorithm combining global optimization and gradient algorithm is adopted to search for the optimum design. The paper presents both the aerodynamic design and optimization of the nlf wing and the highlift configuration considering the mutual effects of both flap devices. This paper deals with developing an efficient robust design optimization rdo framework. However, the overall computation cost of the aso problem can be very high when considering the following. Aerodynamic shape optimization by multifidelity modeling. Kuntawala masters of applied science graduate department of aerospace engineering university of toronto 2011 increasing environmental concerns and fuel prices motivate the study of alternative, unconventional aircraft con gurations. Torquematched aerodynamic shape optimization of hawt rotor ali alabadi1. The first module conducts cfdbased aeroelastic analysis for the complete blade configuration to evaluate the turbine performance and to extract the sectional flow conditions at selected blade sections. An existing blended winglet has been equipped with a secondary lower element to create a split winglet configuration. Aerodynamic shape optimization of wind turbine rotor.
Global optimization methods for the aerodynamic shape design of. Application of simultaneous perturbation stochastic. Typically, optimizations attempt to improve the performance at a small. The majority of the studies onadjoint methods have usedstructured grids to discretize. Spsa method has been combined with the gradientbased broydonfletchergoldfarbshanno bfgs method as well as simulated annealing method for the transonic inverse airfoil design problem that is concerned with the specification of a target airfoil surface pressure distribution and starting from an initial guess of an airfoil shape, the target. These railed vehicles can cruise at speeds approaching that of short haul aircraft and travel just inches from a guideway. A coupledadjoint method for aerodynamic and aeroacoustic. Aerodynamic shape optimization of tailless aircraft. Dynamics cfd matured over the last decade and as computing.
Torquematched aerodynamic shape optimization of hawt. Aerodynamic shape optimization methods springerlink. Our approach is demonstrated on the aerodynamic design optimization discussion group adodg airfoil optimization benchmarks to show the factors that dominate the robustness and e. Combine ipe with pso for aerodynamic shape design praveen. Aerodynamic shape optimisation has become an indispensable component for. For the optimization at a single wind speed performed with respect to all the design variables 1 pitch, 11 twist, and 240 airfoil shape variables, the torque coefficient increased by 22. Between now and 2030, there will be an estimated global demand for approximately 27,000 new passenger aircraft potentially worth up to. Aerodynamic shape optimization using particle swarms and. Aerodynamic mitigation and shape optimization of buildings.
Horizontal axis wind turbine, optimization, schmitz theory, bem, rotor blade design 1. However, the overall computation cost of the aso problem can be very high when considering the following key challenges. Pdf stateoftheart in aerodynamic shape optimisation methods. Aerodynamic shape optimization using a novel optimizer based. Aerodynamic shape optimization of wind turbine blades. To make this approach viable, shape optimization algorithms for aerodynamic configurations must be as efficient as possible.
Aerodynamic shape optimization for supersonic aircraft james reuther nasa ames research center, moffett field, ca 94035 this paper presents a historical perspective on the development and application of aerodynamic shape optimization aso methods for supersonic aircraft design. Aerodynamic shape optimization for supersonic aircraft. Torquematched aerodynamic shape optimization of hawt rotor. Constrained multipoint aerodynamic shape optimization.
The paper presents both the aerodynamic design and optimization of the nlf wing and the highlift configuration considering the mutual effects of both flap. The current mainstream design flow is described in fig. Aerodynamic shape optimization of wing and wingbody. Global optimization methods for the aerodynamic shape design. Aerodynamic shape design of transonic airfoils using.
Design variables are categorized to planform, warp shape and the thickness distribution. Aerodynamic optimization of transonic wing design based. In this paper, the problem of aerodynamic optimization on unstructured grids via a. For transonic wing design, aerodynamic shape optimization has the potential produce high performance, lowdrag designs. Aerodynamic characteristics of high speed train pantograph. A design tool for aerodynamic shape optimization is developed by coupling a cfd solver and a gradientbased optimization package. Once the gradient has been calculated, a descent method can be used to determine a shape change that will make an improvement in the design. In common, during the preliminary design phase, numerical optimization starts with an existing design, and the goal is to redesign and improve aerodynamic performance.
Consequently, aerodynamic design methods face formidable challenges, especially in the global optimization of highdimensional design space. Perspectives on aerodynamic design optimization aiaa arc. We address this need by developing ways to overcome robustness issues arising from shape parametrization, mesh deformation, and. The aerodynamic solver is a parallel viscous navierstokes solver with a spallartallmaras oneequation turbulence model to account for turbulence. Until recently, designers were relying mostly on manual optimization. Dec 06, 2018 an entropy analysis and design optimization methodology is combined with airfoil shape optimization to demonstrate the impact of entropy generation on aerodynamics designs.
Aerodynamic design considerations and shape optimization of. The definitions of design parameters are same as the previous optimization except for the thickness distribution. Aerodynamic shape optimization using a novel optimizer. Aerodynamic design aerodynamic shape optimization design process applications of aerodynamic shape optimization appendix multidisciplinary tradeo. Zingg institute for aerospace studies, university of toronto, toronto, ontario, m9n 3z4, canada the preliminary results of the.
Airplane design with aerodynamic shape optimization. Between now and 2030, there will be an estimated global demand for approximately 27,000 new passenger aircraft potentially worth up. The previous applications of numerical optimization methods, however, are restricted to more or less simplified problems involving not more than 1030 design parameters. Aerodynamic shape design and optimization status and. Aerodynamic shape design and validation of an advanced. Adjointbased shape optimization methods have proven to be computationally efficient for aerodynamic problems. It is analyzed that the parameters of the aircraft impact on aerodynamic performance and stealth capability, which is helpful to improve design. The goal is to obtain an aerodynamic shape that is less sensitive to small random geometry perturbations and to uncertain operational conditions. The aeronautical journal, 1 april 2015aircraft aerodynamic design. A multidisciplinary design optimization mdo methodology is developed to link the aerodynamic shape design to the system costs for magnetically levitated maglev vehicles. The main drawback of using constrained optimization in 3d aerodynamic shape design is that it requires anywhere from hundreds to tens of thousands of calls to a 3d flowfield analysis code. Aerodynamic shape optimization of tailless aircraft maurizio milani november 30, 2016 faculty of aerospace engineering politecnico di milano. Aerodynamic shape optimization requires a large number of shape design. Preliminary aerodynamic shape optimization of a blendedwing.
Aerodynamic shape optimisation has become an indispensable component for any effective and robust aerodynamic design. Aerodynamic optimization of building shapes is an important portion of supertall building design. Preliminary aerodynamic shape optimization of a blendedwingbody aircraft con. Aerodynamic shape optimization of supersonic wings by. May 22, 2012 aerodynamic mitigation and shape optimization of buildings. Aerodynamic shape optimization of a blendedwingbody aircraft con guration nimeesha b. A high speed train hst has been rapidly developed all over the world. When validated this way, the optimal design may be used in the development of the final aerodynamic configuration.
These railed vehicles can cruise at speeds approaching that of short haul aircraft and travel just inches from a. Stateoftheart in aerodynamic shape optimisation methods. Aerodynamic shape optimization using the adjoint method. For this design optimization, we added airfoil shape variables to the 11 twist variables and the blade pitch angle used in the previous optimization. Aerodynamic shape optimization of transonic airfoil and wi. Aerodynamic shape design of nozzles using a hybrid. Aerodynamic design considerations and shape optimization. Less common and more dicult are adjoint formulations for unsteady aerodynamic prob. It extends previous work on optimization for inviscid. An aerodynamic shape optimization method that treats the design of complex aircraft configurations subject to high fidelity computational fluid dynamics cfd, geometric constraints and multiple design points is described. Aerodynamic shape optimization of supersonic wings by adaptive range multiobjective genetic algorithms daisuke sasaki 1, masashi morikawa, shigeru obayashi2 and kazuhiro nakahashi3 1 tohoku university, department of aeronautics and space engineering, nakahashi lab. It is a combination of aerodynamic calculation and optimization theories, converting the optimization problem into an extremum solving problem. Aerodynamic shape optimization can be used as a design tool to produce optimal con. Design objectives and operating conditions are translated into optimization problems that can be solved by numerical methods.
Aerodynamic shape optimization aso is important in contemporary engineering design of complex systems such as aircraft and wind turbines. Numerical optimization techniques for engineering design, mcgrawhill. Pdf aerodynamic optimisation has become an indispensable component for any aerodynamic design over the past 60 years, with applications to aircraft. Optimum aerodynamic design using the navierstokes equations. The method was quickly extended to wing design by hicks and henne 11, 12. Design of a morphing airfoil using aerodynamic shape optimization article pdf available in aiaa journal 447. Aerodynamic design optimization is driven by tradeoffs 25, and singlepoint optimization could overstate the benefits of the optimi zation by reducing the performance at offdesign points 12. As the aerodynamic shape optimization problem is a complex one with possibly many local minima, gradientbased methods can be trapped in a local optimum, unless the initial. Aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured grids with.
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